Often a bothersome sight on our otherwise unblemished skin, whiteheads are a common problem for many people. To comprehend how they can be treated, it is necessary to first understand what they are and why they appear.
Whiteheads are a type of acne lesion that develop as a result of clogged pores. Pores are tiny openings on the surface of the skin where hair follicles grow. At the base of these follicles are sebaceous glands that produce oil, also known as sebum, to lubricate the skin and hair. Sometimes, this oil combines with dead skin cells and bacteria on the surface of the skin and blocks the pores. When such blockages occur and remain below the skin’s surface, they appear as small, round, white bumps. These are whiteheads.
Several factors such as hormonal changes, excessive oil, certain diets, stress, and certain medications can contribute to the formation of whiteheads. While they are most common amongst teenagers owing to hormonal changes during puberty, they can occur at any age.
Prevention is always better than cure. Maintaining a regular skincare routine that consists of cleansing, toning, and moisturizing can help keep the skin free of excess oil and dead cells, reducing the chance of clogged pores. Also, certain dietary changes and stress management techniques can help in preventing whiteheads.
In terms of treatment, topical over-the-counter treatments that contain ingredients like benzoyl peroxide or salicylic acid can be effective. Prescription medications, such as retinoids, can also be used in more severe cases. In-office procedures like light therapy, chemical peels, and extractions can also be carried out by a dermatologist. It is essential to remember not to pop or squeeze whiteheads, no matter how tempting, as this can lead to scarring and further skin irritation.
While the treatment options mentioned above usually suffice, certain skin conditions require targeted treatments. One such condition is hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). HS is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that results in painful, boil-like lumps in areas like the armpits and groin. Although not a type of acne, it can sometimes be mistaken as such due to its appearance.
Remember, while there is no one-size-fits-all solution when it comes to skin issues, investing in good skincare practice, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, and seeking professional help when necessary can go a long way in keeping our skin healthy and happy.